Choosing the right wheelchair ramp depends on the height of the obstacle, available space, intended use, and the type of wheelchair or mobility device. Before selecting a ramp, measure the vertical height of the step, kerb, or doorway threshold, then determine the available horizontal space and the appropriate ramp length and slope.
You should also decide whether a temporary or permanent ramp is needed. Check that the ramp’s weight capacity can safely support the combined weight of the user, wheelchair or mobility device, and caregiver, if applicable. For added safety, choose a ramp with a non-slip surface, secure installation, and appropriate edge protection or handrails where required.
Assess the Access Point Before Choosing a Ramp
Before purchasing a wheelchair ramp, assess the installation area to ensure the ramp fits properly and provides safe, convenient access. Consider the entrance dimensions, available space, and any nearby obstacles.
- Measure the Rise: Measure the vertical height from the ground to the top of the step, kerb, or threshold. This measurement helps determine the ramp length required.
- Measure the Available Run: Measure the horizontal space available for the ramp. Check for obstacles such as walls, pathways, doors, or other features that may limit installation.
- Check the Width: Measure the access area and choose a ramp wide enough for the wheelchair or mobility device to pass through comfortably. A width of 36 inches (approximately 91 cm) may be suitable in some situations, but the required width depends on the user’s needs, the installation space, and applicable accessibility requirements.
- Consider the User and Mobility Device: Check the ramp’s weight capacity to ensure it can support the combined weight of the user and their wheelchair or mobility device. Allow for a caregiver’s weight if they will also use the ramp.
- Assess the Ground Surface: Consider where the ramp will be installed, such as on concrete, grass, gravel, or another surface. The ramp must be stable, secure, and suitable for the installation area.
Choose the Right Type of Wheelchair Ramp
Different wheelchair ramps suit different access requirements. Consider the height of the obstacle, how frequently the ramp will be used, and whether it needs to be moved or stored.
Threshold Ramps
Threshold ramps are designed to bridge small height differences at doorways, entrances, and other raised thresholds.
- Suitable for low doorsteps and thresholds.
- Compact and generally easy to install.
- Available in different sizes and materials to suit various access points.
Portable Wheelchair Ramps
Portable wheelchair ramps are designed to be moved between locations. They can be useful for temporary access, travel, and situations where a permanent ramp is not practical.
- Available in different lengths and designs.
- Convenient for temporary or occasional use.
- Some models fold for easier transport and storage.
Folding and Modular Ramps
Folding ramps can be folded for transport and storage, making them suitable for users who need a portable access solution. Modular ramps consist of sections that can be assembled into a configuration suited to a particular entrance or access area.
- Folding models help save storage space.
- Modular systems can accommodate different heights and layouts.
- Suitable options are available for both portable and longer-term access needs.
Choose the Correct Ramp Length and Slope
Ramp length and slope are essential for safe and comfortable wheelchair access. The appropriate dimensions depend on the height of the step or threshold, the available space, the type of wheelchair, and the user’s mobility needs.
In general, a greater rise requires a longer ramp to achieve a gentler slope. A ramp that is too steep can make wheelchair movement difficult and increase the risk of slipping or tipping.
Before choosing a ramp, check the manufacturer’s recommendations and applicable accessibility requirements. If space is limited or the rise is substantial, consider a modular ramp or seek professional advice to determine the safest solution.
Check Weight Capacity and Ramp Dimensions
A wheelchair ramp must be strong enough to support the combined load of the user and their mobility equipment. If a caregiver will accompany the user on the ramp, their weight must also be included when assessing the required capacity.
Before purchasing a ramp, check the following:
- Weight capacity: Confirm that the ramp’s rated capacity is sufficient for the total load, including the wheelchair or mobility device and any caregiver.
- Ramp width: Ensure there is enough room for the wheelchair to move safely without the wheels approaching the edges.
- Ramp length: Check that the ramp provides a suitable slope for the height being covered.
- Stability: Choose a ramp that can be securely positioned and is suitable for the intended surface and frequency of use.
- Durability: Select a ramp designed to withstand regular use and the conditions in which it will be installed.
Choosing the correct dimensions and load capacity helps support safer and more reliable wheelchair access.
Consider Material, Surface and Stability
The ramp’s material affects its durability, maintenance requirements, weight, and suitability for different locations.
- Aluminium: Lightweight, durable, and corrosion-resistant, making it a popular choice for portable wheelchair ramps.
- Wood: Can be used for certain permanent or custom-built ramps but requires regular maintenance to help prevent deterioration.
- Steel: Strong and suitable for applications requiring a robust structure, although protective coatings may be needed to prevent corrosion.
- Concrete: A durable option for permanent installations, particularly where a long-term access solution is required.
In the UAE, consider the effects of heat, dust, and changing weather conditions when choosing a wheelchair ramp. Select a surface that provides reliable traction in the expected conditions. The ramp should also have suitable edge protection and be securely installed on a stable base to reduce the risk of movement or accidents.
Match the Ramp to How and Where It Will Be Used
The best wheelchair ramp depends on where and how often it will be used. Consider whether you need access to a home entrance, a raised threshold, a vehicle, or another location.
- For home entrances: Choose a ramp that fits the available space and provides a suitable slope for regular use.
- For doorways and thresholds: Consider a threshold ramp if the height difference is small.
- For travel and temporary access: A portable or folding ramp may be more convenient.
- For permanent access: A securely installed ramp or modular ramp system may be more suitable for frequent use.
Always check the available space, surface conditions, weight capacity, and installation requirements before making a decision. If you are unsure about the appropriate ramp length, slope, or installation method, seek professional advice to ensure the ramp meets the user’s accessibility needs.
